Incidence and prevalence rates

Incidence and prevalence rates

The occurrence of disease can be measured by using incidence rates and prevalence rates. The incidence rate measures the occurrence of new cases of a disease in a population over a period of time. The incidence rate is an important measure for evaluating disease-control programs and has implications for the future problems of medical care. For example, the calculation of incidence rates of HIV/AIDS provides insight into whether the disease is spreading and whether HIV-prevention programs are working.
The prevalence rate measures the total number of existing cases of a disease in a population at a given point in time or over a period of time. The prevalence rate is a useful indicator of the burden of a disease on the medical and social systems of a geographic region. It is useful only for diseases of long duration (months or years). For example, within countries, prevalence rates can be used to determine the medical, economic, and social burden of AIDS.
Prevalence rates vary directly with both incidence and duration of disease. If the incidence of a disease is low but the duration of the disease is long, such as with chronic diseases, prevalence will be large in relation to incidence. Conversely, if the prevalence of a disease is low because of short duration (due to recovery, migration, or death), prevalence will be small in relation to incidence.

تعليقات

إرسال تعليق

المشاركات الشائعة من هذه المدونة

SNLE Question Discussion -Training4Nurse Academy

صورة
 طلابي ومتابعي الكرام ...اقدم لكم هذا السؤال مع الشرح التفصيلي  أ.عمر حماد  @hammadjo2012 دوما أمنياتي لكم بالتوفيق Question :During the initial interview, the client reports that she has a lesion on the perineum. Further investigation reveals a small blister on the vulva that is painful to touch. The nurse is aware that the most likely source of the lesion is: A-Syphilis B-Herpes C-Gonorrhea D-Condylomata طرحنا هذا السؤال  ، واليكم التوضيح تاليا  هذا النوع من الاسئلة يهدف الى قياس قدرة الطالب على التمييز بين الامراض التي تندرج تحت نفس التصنيف وهنا فان جميع هذه الامراض المندرجة في الخيارات تعتبر من ضمن الامراض المنقولة جنسيا sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs)  وتتضمن هذه الفئة من الامراض مايلي : ١ - chlamydia( داء المتدثرات او الكلاميديا ) هو مرض منقول جنسيا - ومن أهم الأعراض ظهور افرازات مهبلية وحرقة في التبول  أما الأعراض عند الرجال فتشمل إفرازات من القضيب وحرقة في الإدرار انظر للجدول اعلاه (يتميز هذا المريض بوجود Discharge واحيانا لايك ون
قراءة المزيد
صورة
The nurse teaches the patient whose surgery will result in a sigmoid colostomy that the feces expelled through the colostomy will be solid. semi-mushy. mushy. fluid.      Correct Answer : A. solid.    With a sigmoid colostomy, the feces are solid.  With a descending colostomy, the feces are semi-mushy.  With a transverse colostomy, the feces are mushy.  With an ascending colostomy, the feces are fluid.
قراءة المزيد
صورة
         من المهم جدا ان تكون قادرا على تحديد مواقع اصوات القلب الناتجة عن انغلاق صمامات القلب المختلفة Question :When locating Erb’s point to hear aortic and pulmonic sounds, the nurse should place the stethoscope at the: A. fifth intercostal space near the midclavicular line. B. fifth intercostal space along the left sternal border. C. second intercostal space at the left sternal border. D. third intercostal space at the left sternal border.   Correct answer: D Erb’s point is located at the third intercostal space at the left sternal border.  The fifth intercostal space near the midclavicular line (Option A) is used to listen to the mitral area.  The fifth intercostal space along the left sternal border (Option B) is the location for the tricuspid area.  The second intercostal space at the left sternal border (Option C) is the location for the pulmonic area.
قراءة المزيد